2026 Capital Gains Tax Summary (India)
Following the Union Budget 2024-25 amendments (effective from July 23, 2024), mutual fund taxation in India has been significantly simplified. Here's what applies in FY 2025-26 and 2026-27:
| Fund Type | Holding Period | Tax Type | Tax Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equity Funds (≥65% equity) | ≤ 1 year | STCG (Section 111A) | 20% |
| Equity Funds | > 1 year | LTCG (Section 112A) | 12.5% (above ₹1.25L) |
| Debt Funds (post Apr 2023) | Any | STCG (Section 50AA) | Income slab rate |
| Hybrid Funds (≥65% equity) | > 1 year | LTCG | 12.5% (above ₹1.25L) |
| Gold/International Funds | ≤ 2 years | STCG | Income slab rate |
LTCG vs STCG: How Holding Period Affects Tax
Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG) on equity mutual funds (held >1 year) are taxed at a flat rate of 12.5% on gains exceeding ₹1.25 Lakh in a financial year. This is one of the most favorable tax treatments available for investments in India.
Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG) on equity funds (held ≤1 year) are taxed at 20%. For debt funds purchased after April 1, 2023, all gains are treated as short-term regardless of holding period and taxed at your income slab rate.
Tax Treatment of SIP Investments (FIFO Method)
Each SIP installment is treated as a separate purchase by the Income Tax Department. When you redeem or set up an SWP, units are sold on a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) basis:
- Units from your earliest SIP installments are sold first
- If those units were purchased >12 months ago, the gain qualifies as LTCG
- If <12 months old, it's STCG
Planning tip: Always ensure your earliest SIP installments have crossed the 1-year mark before starting an SWP to maximize LTCG treatment.
Why SWP is More Tax-Efficient Than FD Interest
| Parameter | SWP from Equity MF | Fixed Deposit |
|---|---|---|
| What's taxed? | Only capital gains portion | Entire interest amount |
| Tax rate | 12.5% LTCG (with ₹1.25L exemption) | Income slab rate (up to 30%+) |
| TDS | No TDS on MF redemptions | 10% TDS if interest > ₹40K/year |
| Potential returns | 10-12% (market-linked) | 6-7% (fixed) |
Global Comparison: India, USA & UK
| Country | LTCG Rate | Exemption | Special Wrapper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🇮🇳 India | 12.5% (equity >1yr) | ₹1.25 Lakh/year | ELSS (Sec 80C, ₹1.5L) |
| 🇺🇸 USA | 0/15/20% (income-based) | $44,625 for 0% bracket | Roth IRA, 401(k) |
| 🇬🇧 UK | 10/20% (basic/higher rate) | £3,000/year CGT allowance | ISA (£20K/year, tax-free) |
Tax-Saving Strategies for Mutual Fund Investors
- Harvest LTCG annually: Redeem and reinvest up to ₹1.25 Lakh in gains each year to use the tax-free exemption
- Use ELSS for Section 80C: Tax-saving mutual funds with 3-year lock-in provide dual benefit — tax deduction + wealth creation
- Time your SWP: Start SWP after all units cross the 1-year mark to ensure LTCG treatment
- Prefer equity for long-term: Post-2023, debt funds lost the indexation benefit — equity is now far more tax-efficient
Calculate Your Post-Tax Returns
Use our SIP & SWP calculator to plan your investments. Then estimate your net returns after applying the tax rules above.
Launch Calculator →Related Reading
- SWP Tax Calculator — Calculate exact post-tax income from SWP
- SIP vs FD vs PPF — Tax comparison across investment types
- Step-Up SIP Guide — Maximize pre-tax wealth with step-up strategy